Author(s): Gökçen GÃKGÃZ, AyÅen Esra BÃLÃKBAÅI ERTÃRK
Gümele structures are the vineyard settlements around Tosya, which was established in the Devrez Basin in the inner parts of the Western Black Sea Region. It was formed on the historical silk road in accordance with the geological conditions as a result of economic concerns. The vineyard settlements and gümele structures in Tosya go back to the classical period of the Ottoman Empire, as evidenced by the records of travelers who prefer the land route from Europe to east through Istanbul and the Province Salname. The vineyard houses, which are called as gümele in the region and shaped by the traditional construction technique in accordance with the viticulture culture and the requirements of this culture, are an example of traditional residential buildings in rural architecture.
The interest and requirements for the rural settlements in the nearby countryside of Tosya have decreased due to some changes in today's requirements like differentiation of living conditions and economic concerns, the development of technology and transportation conditions, and the continued development. Gümeles, which are very special and valuable for rural architecture, haven’t taken place in literature for their uniqueness and they come face with the threat of extinction because of the unconsciousness of the people using them. In this study, it is documented that the gümele structures are a part of the vineyard culture that has been going on for centuries and constitute an example of traditional residential architecture. The architectural analysis of the selected structures on a single scale was made and the similarities and differences were evaluated. In this respect, it is aimed to create a base for vineyard regions and vineyard houses structures in case of taking the place of the architectural analysis in the history of architecture and defining them within the context of traditional dwelling architecture.
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