Author(s): Ä°smail ÅÄ°MÅEK
Philosophical thought is the effort of the human being, who is an intelligent being, to make sense of existence through a process that starts with himself. Because, as a being who thinks, understands and makes sense, man first tried to understand and make sense of himself, then everything he experienced, and expressed the information he obtained as a result by explaining, combining and integrating. It has been the main point of life as in Socrates' saying that "an unquestioned life is not worth living". In this sense, who am I? Philosophy, as an effort to find the basic source of existence by starting with the question, is both an intellectual activity and a scientific activity such as physics, chemistry, biology, cosmology. As a matter of fact, when we look at the Ancient Greek philosophers, they carried out a scientific discovery activity rather than intellectual activity while looking for the essential substance of the universe.
In this sense, although today philosophical thought is widely seen as an empty mental activity, it actually forms the basis of almost all scientific activities. In addition, the political and political paradigms of the modern period, along with their anti-democracy and antidemocracy approaches, are basically based on Ancient Greek thought, and philosophy is the origin of many moral ideas. In the Stoa thought, we should not forget the metaphor that philosophy is likened to an egg, that the outer shell is logic, the white part is physics, and the inner yellow part is ethical.Moreover, it should be remembered that Descartes' metaphor that philosophy is a tree consisting of metaphysics, branches of medicine, mechanics and ethics, and Wittgenstein likens philosophy to a bag containing separate tools to perform very different functions, or rather a toolbox. For this reason, although today in the definitions of philosophy it is reminded that Socrates is literally a love of wisdom, the wisdom here is not just a love of wisdom, it is all the knowledge that will emerge in every field, be it theory or practice. In this respect, it is a search for meaning and truth. In this respect, it is a search for meaning and truth. Philosophy, which was seen as an occupation mostly related to the physical field in the period that started with lecturer Thales, functioned based on morality in the period of Socrates, and with Plato, it turned into a system of thought that works towards the realm of ideas beyond what is seen. With Christianity, a philosophy that is now at the service of religion emerged with the first church fathers. With philosophers such as Agustinus and Aquinas, philosophy turned into theology / kalam and served as the defense of the believed religion. After the Middle Ages, the function of philosophy changed even more and, unlike the previous period, it became the center of religious criticism with enlightenment. Philosophical thought, which had its share in the specialization in various disciplines that started in the modern period, was replaced by the idea that the change and development in every field in previous periods was seen as philosophy, and various sciences such as physics, chemistry, biology, cosmology, theology / theology, sociology, psychology. Over time, empiricism and mathematics formed the center of philosophical thought, positivism after the 19th century, and today hermeneutic, analytical and postmodern thought. The question we face in the contemporary world is whether philosophy is about to crumble into fragments, gradually disappearing. That is, whether the possibility of philosophy will disappear when each discipline becomes an independent science in its field? In our study, we will consider and evaluate the possibilities of philosophy in the contemporary world on the basis of Badiou's thought.
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