Author(s): Talat Deh Pahlavan*
The present study aims to explain the concept of united nation and its historical evolution from the point of view of the Imamate intellectuals to summing up and evaluating their views and their performance in relation to the concept of a united nation in the 5th and 6th centuries. First, the concept of the nation is semantically-conceptual in terms of Islamic sources, then from the viewpoint of the intellectuals of Imamiyieh. The research question is that the function of the Imams' scholars was to revive the united nation concept, and what kinds of behaviors and actions in solving sectarian conflicts were explained ? In response, this word was firstly used in the sense of religion and law; then, with regard to the socio-political situation and the passage of time, the change of nature and it was gradually defined the concept of the nation that was explained as a special political position. The intellectuals of Imamiyieh, from this point of view, have emphasized the religious theory in the organization of their socio-political divisions, the differences of Islamic religions, relying on the principled-religious unity, and the components and solutions and the necessities of the creation and survival of the nation that have been raised. The intellectuals have established the good relations with each other in the light of political issues and understanding of the conditions of government at the age of absence, the contingent cooperation with the government, and the resolution of disputes in the context of concept of a single nation, which has been the scientific and civilian development of Muslims from the results of these efforts and their actions. Therefore, the terms of convergence and the approximation of religions, which means synonyms with the united nation, were considered to be the basis of religious beliefs that given this synonymous and rich experience that Islam has in the Qur'an concerning the omnipotence and convergence in various fields. This paper analyzes the hypothesis that the Imamiyieh thinkers, in spite of the negative efforts of the Sunni Arabic emperors, were using Shi'a as a logical and peaceful method, such as analogous jurisprudence (Al-Khalaf), comparison and priority, the formulation of interpretive books, the debates, the explanation of religious consensus. The use of the authority of the Shi'a community and the restoration of their position in the Seljuk tribes kept the unity of the nation and the convergence of religions.
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