Author(s): Mehmet Halit ATLÄ°
There is an increase in the number of synapses connecting neurons and performing executive functions and being responsible for speech usage during the brain activity of bi/multilinguals. This increase is due to the activation of the prefrontal cortex that is responsible for the speech process. By activating the prefrontal cortex in addition to the neurons performing executive functions during the language use, the lobe of speech is reshaped. As a result, the extent of this area by brain causes its function to become stronger. Such a change and development of the brain contributes to the development of cognitive performance. According to the results of many studies, bi/multilingual persons are more successful than the monolinguals in terms of academic performance, long-term health and well-being, self-control, flexible workability, working memory and concentration. No matter what language/s is/are spoken, the level of the brain’s focusing on such activities and that the benefits multilingualism provides is the same. The determining factors here are the frequency of using the second language, speech competence, knowledge of the grammatical structures in accordance with the norms and the age at which they acquire the language.
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