Author(s): Cengiz BUYAR*
The Kyrgyz Turks, who were informed about them in written sources for the first time in 201 BC, formed various political organizations and states in history. With the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the independent state of the Kyrgyz Republic was established on August 31, 1991. With the political discourses and practices put forward by the state in the post-independence period, Kyrgyzstan has begun to be called the most democratic country in Central Asia. The geography of Kyrgyzstan has an important geostrategic and geopolitical position, which is on the trade routes from history to the present, and which constitutes the transition point from east to west in central Asia. However, rich underground mines and energy resources increase the importance of the country in the modern world. The One Belt One Road project, which is planned on the same route today as the Silk Road gained in the past, has increased the geopolitical importance of Kyrgyzstan again. In this context, it can be said that this geopolitical and geostrategic importance will continue in the future. Kyrgyzstan, whose importance has become more and more important in the process of rapidly intensifying competition due to the geopolitical and geostrategic situation of the Central Asian region, the presence of large energy resources and rich underground mines, constantly strives to maintain the multi-faceted foreign policy principle in its foreign policy approach in order to balance the effects of the great powers in the region and the country. In this study, the political, socio-cultural development of Kyrgyzstan after independence and its role in the region in this historical process will be discussed.
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