Author(s): Hasan Ä°SÄ°*
Uyghurs, who declared their independence by destroying the II. Kokturk Khanate, adopted various religions due to the cultural and commercial relations brought about by urban life by going to settlement life unlike other Turkish tribes. Among these religions is Buddhism, which is important in Central Asian Turkish culture. Uighur literature, especially as a product of efforts to understand and explain Buddhism, developed as a result of transferring the works in languages reflecting Buddhism into Turkish. In this field, which is also referred to as translation literature, it is seen that the works are mainly written in Buddhist environment.Uyghurs who preferred the Mah?y?na, which was based on the liberation of society rather than the liberation of the individual, produced a religious literature in line with Buddhism. Adopting the Tantric practices of the Vajray?na sect in Mah?y?na, the Uyghurs produced works of Tantric Turk Buddhism developed within the framework of this teaching. One of these works is U????a Vijay? Dh?ra?? S?tra which constitutes our work. This work is based on Tibetan Buddhism. This literature, which we will call Tantric Turkish Buddhism, includes the translation works of the Uighurs under Mongolian rule under the protection of the Yuan Dynasty. In Tantric Turkish Buddhism, this Tantric literature is also known as dh?ra?? literature. This literature, which develops on the basis of Dh?ra?? texts, contains more formulas of magic aimed at protecting from evil. It is a work of dh?ra?? (magic), which was transferred to the Old Uyghur, in the 13-14th centuries through a Tibetan or Tibetan-based language, to free the living creatures from the bad karma and to provide the recipe necessary for long life. In this direction, the study consists of evaluations that reveal the value of U????a Vijay? Dh?ra?? S?tra in Old Uyghur translation tradition in Tantric Buddhism and Tantric Turk Buddhism.
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