Author(s): Mehmet ARSLAN
In Turkey, the university reform performed directly through Ataturk’s order in 1933 has significant effects on the development and improvement of Turkish medicine. Istanbul Darulfunun was closed due to the report prepared by Proffessor Albert Malche from Switzerland and, instead, Istanbul University, as a modern institution, has been established. During the tenth year of foundation of the Republic in which the country suffered from poverty and helplessness, qualified lecturers were required for creating a modern university. Especially, in faculties of medicine, the need for qualified lecturers was very great. The lectures were far from practice and were based on memeorizing. In the same years, the pressure of Hitler Regime on Jewish scientists was a chance for the newly established university. A great number of refugee scientists have assigned in Istanbul University. Most of them were scientists of medicine. Famous scientists of medicine, such as Ph. Schwartz, Erich Frank, S Rudolf Nissen, Josef Igersheimer, Karl Hellmann, Wilhelm Liepmann, S. Oberndorfer, H. Winterstein, Julius Hirsch, Hugo Braun, Lipschitz, Friedrich Dessauer, Max Sgalitzerand Tibor Peterfi, worked in Inst?tute and Clinics of Medical Faculty of Istanbul University and took responsibilities of these units. In 1933- 1934 academic year, all the directors of 12 institutes of Istanbul University were German refugee scholars. During the same academic year, 6 of the present 17 university clinics were led by German scholars. Being historical and descriptive, this study was accomplished by searching the reliable native and foreign literature. In the light of gathered data, results leading to comments has been drawn.
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