Author(s): Sefa BARDAKÃI
Throughout history, debates have continued over the form of governance and leader’s features. In Islamic world, many states have been established, yet many have been overthrown. Many leaders came and gone. Many sects have been established through discussions over the forms of governance because of which Muslims have been separated. Some of them remained as political identities while others remained as religious identities. Many from politicians or scholars of sects have been in search of solutions to the issue by introducing different opinions. All of these have taken place in past and today as a richness of Islamic culture and civilization. There has been some progress on different models of governance, even if it is gradual. This progress had a great deal of importance for Muslims in making history in past and today. This study describes the view of Maturidism on models of governance and leader mainly through Ebu Muin al-Nesefi’s (C. 1115) channel. In the meantime, opinions of other sects have also been given place in the study for the purpose of understanding the subject. The present study looks for a new model of governance as Muslim countries have difficulty in establishing an integration with the modern world because of the models of governance they follow. It also investigates whether the models of governments are subjects of Islamic creed. It is well-known that the Prophet Muhammad brought principles to guide the humanity in their path to achieve peace and happiness both here and hereafter. In this context, they are subjects of Kalam but not in detail. The case of the Prophet Muhammad, being the head of the state along with being a prophet, is one of the most important evidence that scholars of Kalam use in their discourse on the relevant matter. The study also argues that preventing Muslim countries from being developing by dictating some religious judgments that are not certainly made by religion to Muslims is a wrong approach.
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