Author(s): Aziz SEKER
The novel is a sociological and historical phenomenon. For this reason, it is possible to find out the historical and social dynamics of the period in which it is written. As the social conditions change, the plot and characters of the novel are naturally influenced. Just as the Western novel made its big leap with industrial capitalism, the Turkish novel, which also has its own history, developed an identity with the Tanzimat reform era under the influence of the West. Because the Tanzimat era had put important social arrangements related to the social structure into practice. In this process of social change, the plots of the novels had changed and female novel characters had taken their share from this change. Meanwhile, women's representations within the sex hierarchy built by society had also been carried to the novels. After the National Struggle, the social structure had been processed by nationalization theses, differently from the Tanzimat era, while the reflections of the social reforms on the society created by the foundation of the Republic and Kemalist framework had been passed on the novel pages. Transition to a multi-party system and in 1950s and 60s, capitalism -especially in agriculture-, migration, poverty and other social problems had taken their place among the topics of the Turkish novel. In addition, discourses on gender inequality has continued to exist in novels. The authors, who are among the novelists of this generation, had brought their representations of men and women to their novels, adhering to the majority of the social reality. In this study, we will start by looking at the novels of the Tanzimat period and while evaluating the novels of the Republican period, we will study the novels of authors, especially those in socialist literature, in terms of the way they treat the female characters. In this context, the representations of women in the novels of Orhan Kemal, Kemal Tahir and Ya?ar Kemal will be analyzed in general terms, from the gender sociology point of view.
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